Ella Fitzgerald was born on April 25, 1917 in Virginia, however was raised in Yonkers by her mom, Temperance, and her mom’s boyfriend. When “Tempie” died in 1932, Ella’s suffered issues at home and finally wound up dwelling on the streets within the fall of 1934. Her first signal of hope got here that November, when she competed on the Apollo and gained first prize. Although it took a while due to her soiled, unkempt look, this win led her to work with Chick Webb’s huge band on the Savoy. Chick slowly groomed Ella for fulfillment, she started to experiment with scat singing, and by January, 1937 she was voted Downbeat’s greatest feminine vocalist. Ella additionally started to write down music, and by 1943 she grew to become the youngest member of the American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers (ASCAP).
Ella scored her first hit in 1938 with ‘A Tiskit, A Tasket.’ The music, written by Ella, offered over 1 million copies, stayed on the pop charts for 17 weeks, and was ranked #1 on the U.S. Hit Parade. Later that 12 months she recorded her second hit, ‘I Discovered My Yellow Basket.” A third hit, ‘Undecided,’ adopted in 1939. Sadly, tragedy struck when Chick succumbed to tuberculosis that June. The band continued with Ella as chief.
In 1940 Ella and the band toured, masking 18,000 miles and 36 states. Ella was immensely common; she gained Downbeat’s award for the fourth consecutive 12 months, was mobbed by fans in New Orleans, and was given the nickname “the primary girl of music.”
Sadly, fans are fickle. Ella’s recording company, Decca, managed a lot of her output, and their influences weren’t at all times effectively acquired by her fans. With the start of World Conflict II, all bands grew to become smaller. By the next August, the Chick Webb band was defunct.
After a short lackluster interval Ella returned to success, scoring million-copy hits in 1944 and 1945 with the Ink Blots. It was about this time when Charlie Parker and Dizzy Gillespie launched the world to bop. Ella got here to work with Dizzy, wholeheartedly embracing be-bop as she had swing in her earlier years. She additionally started to make use of extra scat singing, which grew to become her signature approach.
Whereas with Dizzy, Ella fell for Ray Brown, Dizzy’s bassist. Ray moved on to work with Norman Granz, who produced Jazz on the Philharmonic (JATP) in Los Angeles. Granz provided Ella a contract, and Ray and Ella married shortly after. Ray and Ella adopted a baby, Ray Jr., who was cared for by an Aunt once they had been on the highway.
Along with performing with JATP in multi-country excursions of Europe, Ella and Ray grew to become members of famed pianist Oscar Peterson’s trio. By 1953, Ella’s marriage with Ray dissolved; regardless, they remained pals and continued to work collectively.
In 1954, Granz grew to become Ella’s supervisor. Till this time, Ella had been earning the paltry wages that black musicians usually earned, however Granz, a staunch advocate of equal rights, paid Ella pretty. In 1956, Granz persuaded Decca to launch Ella from her contract. Ella Fitzgerald recorded many profitable pop albums on Granz’ Verve label from 1956 to 1964, together with the immensely common 11-edition songbook collection during which she sang the music of Cole Porter, Duke Ellington, the Gershwins, and Irving Berlin, amongst others.
Ella set out on an unprecedented number of nationwide and worldwide excursions. She additionally appeared on TV selection reveals, with hosts together with Bing Crosby, Dina Shore, Frank Sinatra, Ed Sullivan, Johnny Carson, Nat King Cole, Andy Williams, and Dean Martin. In 1958 she gained her first two Grammys 트로트 가수 순위.
In 1959, with America’s waning curiosity in jazz, Granz offered Verve to MGM. MGM brushed off Verve’s jazz musicians excluding Ella, who continued to report and tour. Nonetheless, 5 years later MGM didn’t renew her contract. Ella’s subsequent producers at Capitol and Reprise information inspired modifications, together with non secular, nation, and up to date hits, however these kinds proved to not be her forte.
Because the years handed, rock music took over, and the final tour of JATP came about in 1967. Nonetheless, in 1972 Granz returned to America to advertise a live performance with Ella. Granz grew to become reinvigorated and started a brand new recording label, Pablo. Ella returned strictly to jazz and recorded 23 albums on this label.
Ella was a worldwide celebrity, and her reputation by no means once more waned. She toured in all places, typically performing two reveals in a day that had been tons of of miles aside. In 1985, Ella was nonetheless touring forty weeks out of the 12 months. Her three-octave voice, impeccable intonation and dazzling flexibility had hardly modified.
In 1986 Ella had a coronary heart assault and underwent coronary bypass surgical procedure, but it surely did not hold Ella from returning to the stage. She made her final recording in 1989, and carried out her ultimate live performance in Carnegie corridor in 1991. By 1994, Ella was in full retirement. Ella handed away in June, 1996.
By the point Ella’s profession ended, she had recorded over 200 albums and a pair of,000 songs, and her report gross sales exceeded 40 million. Amongst her many awards and honors, Ella gained 13 Grammys, acquired Kennedy Middle Honors, the Nationwide Medal of Arts, and the Presidential Medal of Freedom. The mile-long checklist of musicians she has influenced consists of such family names as Aretha Franklin, Barbra Streisand, Dionne Warwick, Gladys Knight, Al Jarreau, Diana Ross, Dinah Washington, Tony Bennett, Janis Ian, Michael Buble, and Rosemary Clooney.
Andre Previn, director of the London Royal Philharmonic Orchestra, mentioned of Ella, “She is exclusive and unimitable, merely the very best, and transcends any of the so-called limitations that supposedly exist between the assorted and disparate sorts of music.” Finally, that is a well-rounded method of stating that Ella actually is the First Woman of Track. Given all that Ella achieved, it’s laborious to think about her title ever being handed down to a different.